Hip-hop Its earliest performers comprise MCs (derived from master of ceremonies but referring to the actual rapper) and DJs (who use and sometimes manipulate pre-recorded tracks being a backdrop on the rap), crack dancers and graffiti writers. Jamaican-born DJ Clive "Kool Herc" Campbell[30] pioneered the use of DJing percussion "breaks" https://djroboak.bandcamp.com/album/hooked-loaded